Monday, March 8, 2010
Wednesday, January 13, 2010
時間, 人生
時間就像只瘦小的岩燕,匆匆地飛過黃昏下的屋簷,放眼尋找歇腳的窗臺。夕陽斜照在它褐黑的背上。不安地看它消失在潮濕,喧嘩的小巷。
與朋友靜靜地盤坐在夏威夷大厅(Hawaii Hall)前寬闊的臺階上看匆匆的人來人往。“人生很多時候充滿矛盾,”朋友說。“在欲望與權力之間掙扎,在良知與名利之間進退兩難。就像一葉小小的扁舟孤獨地飃泊在渺渺的海洋裏。浩瀚的煙波,卷天的巨浪,風起雲湧的不定,讓這小小的扁舟起起伏伏,茫茫然然,隨波逐流。好像永遠沒有靠岸的機會!”
我說,“佛經裏有個故事,裏頭講在遙遠的東海有只万年的神龜,常年深伏海底。也不知過了幾千百年,有天,無邊的粼波中飃來一塊木板, 木板的中心有個碗口大小的孔。木板在東海里飃啊飃,也不知過了多少年。有天神龜從海底向上攀游,探頭呼吸,不期頭正好裝在了木孔裏。佛說人生難得而得,佛法難聞已聞,就像這只神龜一樣值浮木孔。小舟要靠岸也並非不可能,但沒有好的舵手和勇敢的心,多半是要沉入海底的了。”
與朋友靜靜地盤坐在夏威夷大厅(Hawaii Hall)前寬闊的臺階上看匆匆的人來人往。“人生很多時候充滿矛盾,”朋友說。“在欲望與權力之間掙扎,在良知與名利之間進退兩難。就像一葉小小的扁舟孤獨地飃泊在渺渺的海洋裏。浩瀚的煙波,卷天的巨浪,風起雲湧的不定,讓這小小的扁舟起起伏伏,茫茫然然,隨波逐流。好像永遠沒有靠岸的機會!”
我說,“佛經裏有個故事,裏頭講在遙遠的東海有只万年的神龜,常年深伏海底。也不知過了幾千百年,有天,無邊的粼波中飃來一塊木板, 木板的中心有個碗口大小的孔。木板在東海里飃啊飃,也不知過了多少年。有天神龜從海底向上攀游,探頭呼吸,不期頭正好裝在了木孔裏。佛說人生難得而得,佛法難聞已聞,就像這只神龜一樣值浮木孔。小舟要靠岸也並非不可能,但沒有好的舵手和勇敢的心,多半是要沉入海底的了。”
Monday, January 11, 2010
Monday, January 4, 2010
同體大悲
Friday, December 25, 2009
So do I
So do I [1]
Silently, you hand me a flower;
Softly, you smile at night.
You say—
The silver night will pass and I will die;
No man can ever last forever but tonight.
Open your mind and see what I sign!
Why is a flower, not a mind?
Why is a smile, not a cry?
O, we long blind our sight by opening our eye;
O, close your eye and see what I sign—
The world is a flower, and so do I;
The world is a smile, and so do I!
There will be endless time;
There will be endless night.
And so do I.
[1] I wrote this verse for the memory of the Buddha's nirvana
我亦如是
默默地,您递給我一朵花;
輕輕地,您望夜失笑。
您說--
這银色的夜晚正消逝,我也將離去;
没人可以天長地久,但今晚。
敞開你的心扉我神意在!
為何是一朵花,不是一顆心?
為何是一个微笑,不是哭泣?
啊,睁開雙眼我们看到了黑暗,
閉上眼睛,你才能明了真意--
這个世界是一朵花,我亦如是;
這个世界是一个微笑,我亦如是。
時間是如此地無窮;
夜晚是如此地無盡;
而我亦如是。
Friday, December 11, 2009
Modernity and Global Warming
A man should hasten towards the good,
And should keep his thought away from evil.
—The Buddha[1]
Below, I will discuss how development of modern science and technology has impacted on human common life and human living environment.
Modernity and Common Life
Modernity, as Chris Barker observed, mainly relates to industrialism, capitalism, and secularization.[2] It is socially associated with three respects as follows:
(1) A certain set of attitudes towards the world, the idea of the world as open to transformation by human intervention; (2) a complex of economic institutions, especially industrial production and a market economy; (3) a certain range of political institutions, including the nation-state and mass democracy.[3]
Expect its social respects, modernity also displays in art, architecture, and so forth, and it usually reflects in these three main fields: science, technology, and secularism. Science is a disciplined research and a highly skilled technique; while technology is regarded as simply the application of science to practical ends, and it is promoted when it is used to improve the development of industries.[4] The initial motivations of secularism were quite complex and variegated, but since it was coined by British writer George Jacob Holyoake in 1800s, it has been a term that shows separating of religion from state; thus, it is critical of religious orthodoxy, and it is anti-religion; it searches for a way out of religious influence.[5]
In modern time, the development of science and technology—which from its very beginning marked a chief turning point in human history—has enormously transformed the world and human living conditions, resulted in the development of large-scale industries, and entailed major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transport. For example, during the early 20th century, among those great human achievements, there were three remarkable inventions: automobile, airplane and vessel, which essentially changed the world in where we live and drew nations on this planet close together to be called “Earth Village.” The appearance of modern automobile, for instance, was considered as one of the significant breakthroughs that humans had ever made. It totally changed the way humans travel and the way societies develop. Before car was invented, humankind much relied on horses as a main source of transportation, and this brought not large effects on commercial and urban extensions. The situation was gradually brought to an end when the 20th century came to be present. The large-scale production of autos at the time involved major changes of economic systems, social forms, and industrial lives. Before long, cars became indispensable; and big cities were extended speedily. As the former United Stated President Warren G. Harding said in his April 12, 1921, “Why on earth do you need to study what’s changing this country? I can tell you what’s happening in just four letters: A-U-T-O!”[6] So did the airplane and vessel. Honestly speaking—not only the past but also these days—almost every aspect of our daily life is strongly influenced by these transportations.
The two more examples I would like to give here are the inventions of computer and Internet. In the later 20th century, from 1980s to 1990s, among other immense human inventions, computer and Internet were indeed two amazing creations that humans had ever done. Computer and Internet were orderly invented in the United States, and they have caused a great revolution to the world. The invention of computer changed the way people write and the way documents are placed. It makes small rooms available to contain super-sized information. The invention of Internet, on the other hand, has greatly transformed the way people think of the future, or communicate with each other. It also has overwhelmingly transformed the traditional national defense, educational system, medical care system, business trading, purchasing means, and so forth. Due to its wide uses, today merchants open their stores on the Internet where they significantly reduce their investments and attain higher profits. Consumers, on the other hand, order items from the Internet where they find much convenience than ever before; and, by doing so, not only do they save the time to go out to stores, but also they can compare different prices on a same item quickly and efficiently. The Internet also provides multiple accesses every moment of everyday to a vast reservoir of information and entertainment. Today one can rapidly attain news or do research work on the Internet. Take doing research work for example. Suppose that I am going to do a research paper on Jane Goodall, the primatologist, the “chimpanzee lady.” The first thing that I may do to give my research work an easier start is to go to Google.com searching for related books or articles. In doing this, I can simply type “Jan Goodall” in Google search tab, and the Web site will show me immediately that it takes only 0.40 second to have 356,000 results. Except doing research, one can also download songs or moves from certain Web sites. As a matter of fact, the Internet today has completely broken the concepts of the space-time continuum so that people can just stay at home and get whatever they want. Furthermore, through computer and Internet, humans have been encountering a fabulous age—a digital age, an age that gives humans so much hope for the future.
Above all, science is no doubt a key of our brilliant future. Humans cannot live without it today and will not live without it in the future indeed, as president Obama emphasized earlier in 2009, “Today, more than ever before, science holds the key to our survival as a planet and our security and prosperity as a nation.”[7]
Global Warming
Despite the benefits that science provides, science also brings about disadvantages to humans. While we are enjoying the conveniences that technological products offer, we are also facing the crises that technology is bringing about. For instance, when Internet offers conveniences, it also creates different kinds of crimes—crimes such as “phishing, credit card frauds, bank robbery, illegal downloading, industrial espionage, child pornography, kidnapping children via chat rooms, scams, cyberterrorism, creation and/or distribution of viruses, spam and so on.”[8] Things like these have become a serious global issue. But, among those disadvantages, as to a personal believe, the over developing of industries—which narrowly focuses on economic system, extensively ignores ecosystem, and callously sees the items of nature (such as lands, rivers, mountains, forests, and so on) as objects that can be brought or sold—has been causing a serious threat to human living environment which is known as “climate change,” or “global warming” today.
Global warming was first alerted by Roger Revelle in 1950s, when the time most of scientists did not recognize that the use of fossil fuels had caused big problems to environment, Revelle began to study “the levels of carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere by humans burning fossil fuels,” and he was the first person to argue that global warming is man-made—climate change is a result of human activity.[9] In fact, in the later 1960s, people already altered that since the industrial revolution was started, the industrial development had become more and more relaying on fossil fuels; and this had resulted in producing considerable carbon dioxide (CO2) to our environment. And, since the first Earth Day in 1970, ecologists have warned that the “world teeters on the edge of an environmental disaster.”[10]
Although awareness about global warming is now evident among the public and policy makers, the problem, however, continues to grow and seems not to be stopped; although there are groups such as National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Action Plan on Climate Change, and so on trying to offset the global warming, rising foundations to help developing countries building relative projects to reduce missions. But, comparing to the growing of CO2 every year, it is still awfully small. As Stuart A. Kallen observes,
In May 2008 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) announced that CO2 levels were at a record high. Carbon dioxide had increased to 387 ppm, up almost 40 percent since the industrial revolution began and the highest level for at least the last 650,000years. And experts predicted a 10 percent rise in greenhouse gas emissions by 2010 rather than the 5.2 percent reduction called for in the Kyoto Protocol.[11]
In order to reduce the producing of CO2, the NOAA has tried so hard to make global warming regulations with big CO2 producing companies around the world to reduce missions, but because of the power of selfishness, most of the companies do not agree with what the NOAA has asked them to do so (to reduce greenhouse gas). To give an example, in the United States, the politically powerful industries such as oil companies, coal producers, steelmakers, and automobile manufacturers constantly insists that they have “employed millions of people across the country and were concerned that global warming regulations would raise the cost of doing business. This would not only threaten profits but force companies to lay off workers, creating widespread unemployment.”[12] By doing so, the companies usually refuse to reduce the missions, and they frequently spend considerable money to media, lobbyists and policy makers to affect on the environmental policies. As Stuart has observed, in 2007, the oil industry in the United States spent $83 million to lobbyists and politicians to convince lawmakers to support its interest; in 2008 General Motors, Ford, and Chryslers together gave more than $15 million to senators and congressman and spent another $50 million on lobbyists who can make pressure to legislatures and other government officials.[13]
So far, climate change has increased risks not only to environment but also to the global economy, ecology, and human health and well-being. As the 2007 “National Security and the Threat of Climate Change” warned as follows,
Climate change acts as a threat multiplier for in stability in some of the most volatile regions of the world. Projected climate change will seriously exacerbate already marginal living standards in many Asian, African, and Middle Eastern nations, causing widespread political instability and the likelihood of failed states. Unlike most conventional security threats that involve a single entity acting in specific ways and points in time, climate change has the potential to result in multiple chronic conditions, occurring globally within the same time frame. Economic and environmental conditions in already fragile areas will further erode as food production declines, diseases increase, clean water becomes increasingly scarce and large populations move in search of resources. Weakened and failing governments, with an already thin margin for survival, foster the conditions for internal conflicts, extremism, and movement toward increased authoritarianism and radical ideologies.[14]
As to this case, to some extent, some defense experts believe today that climate change can also be linked to potential conflicts between nations. They have warned public that there might be political unrest and bloodshed battles in numerous badly hit countries on account of climate change: "There is every reason to believe that as the 21st century unfolds, the security story will be bound together with climate change," warns John Ashton, a veteran diplomat who is now the United Kingdom's first special envoy on climate change.[15] “Over the next few years, we may find that climate-change accords and peace treaties start to overlap more and more. And we may find that global warming is heating new conflicts up to the boiling point,” warns James R. Lee, who runs American University's Inventory of Conflict and Environment project.[16]
Facing the urgency to reduce missions and greenhouse gas, On March19, 2009, the United States President Barack Obama addressed that Americans now have a choice: either to remain one of the world's leading importers of foreign oil or to make renewable energy; either to let climate change continue to go unchecked or to help stop it.[17] Followed by the President’s speech, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act included more than $80 billion in clean energy investments for renewable energy projects such as producing electricity from wind, wave, and ocean currents, creating new jobs in the clean energy economy, investing in the next generation of energy technologies, breaking dependence on oil, closing the carbon loophole, and so forth.[18] As to his first concern, Even on November 16, 2009, President Obama spoke of issues of clean energy and climate change when held “Town Hall” with Chinese youth in Shanghai, China. He believes that China and the United States are the two biggest countries of producing of CO2 in the world and that, by deeply looking into the coming future, the two nations’ cooperation to develop the renewable technologies will be essential and effective to other nations around the world to do the same efforts so.[19]
Conclusion
As a Buddhist monastic, I am quite marveled in modernity itself. But, to my superficial understanding of the problem, not only can modernity draw us to a spectacular gate of the future, it can also draw us to a bottomless abyss (that might swallow up human species in the very near future if we are not so watchful for what we are doing today). French philosopher René Descartes (1596–1650) used to believe, “Je pense, donc je suis” (I think, therefore I am here). The Buddha also used to say,
All that we are is the result of what we have thought: it is founded on our thoughts, it is made up of our thoughts. If a man speaks or acts with an evil thought, pain follows him, as the wheel follows the foot of the ox that draws the carriage.
All that we are is the result of what we have thought: it is founded on our thoughts, it is made up of our thoughts. If a man speaks or acts with a pure thought, happiness follows him, like a shadow that never leaves him.[20]
Personally speaking, I deep in mind agree with what the Buddha and René Descartes observed. What we have thought and acted will produce consequences in the near future; and the global warming—which is entailed by humans—should be a lesson to us, I think. To repair the issue, we need to work together and be aware of our thoughts towards our actions. Otherwise, the ecosystem itself can change its own course to eliminate the human species and raise a new species instead of humans to walk on this planet.
Notes
[1] Trans. F. Max Muller, Wisdom of the Buddha: The Unabridged Dhammapada (America: Dover Publications, Inc., 2000), 15
[2] See Chris Barker, Cultural Studies: Theory and Practice ( London: Sage, 2005), 444
[3] Anthony Giddens, Conversations with Anthony Giddens: Making Sense of Modernity (California: Stanford University Press, 1998), 94
[4] See Trevor I. Williams, Science: A History of Discovery in the Twentieth Century (London: Oxford University Press, 1990), 8
[5] See Rajeev Bhargara, Secularism and Its Critics (London: Oxford University Press, 2005), 31-2
[6] Randall E. Stross, Technology and Society in Twentieth Century America: An Anthology (America: Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1989), 126
[7] Quoted in Stuart A. Kallen, How Should the World Respond to Global Warming? (America: 2010 ReferencePoint Press, Inc., 2009), 52
[8] Helen P. Macasaet, “Cybercrime against Women: Extent and Prevention,” available at http://www.women.or.kr/unesco/2007unescomaterial/session2/Dr.%20Helen%20P.%20Macasaet.pdf
[9] Stuart A. Kallen, How Should the World Respond to Global Warming? (America: 2010 ReferencePoint Press, Inc., 2009), 11
[10] Ed. David L. Bender&Bruno Leone, The Environmental Crisis: Opposing Viewpoints (America: Greenhaven Press, 1991), 17
[11] Stuart A. Kallen, 23
[12] Ibid. 16
[13] Ibid. 44-5
[14] Gordon R. Sullivan et al, “National Security and the Threat of Climate Change,” The CNA Corporation, 2007, available at http://securityandclimate.cna.org
[15] James R. Lee, “Global Warming Is Just the Tip of the Iceberg,” Washington Post, January 4, 2009, available at http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/02/AR2009010202280.html
[16] Ibid.
[17] The White House “Energy & Environment” March 2009, available at http://www.whitehouse.gov/issues/energy-and-environment
[18] Ibid.
[19] See video, “President Obama Holds Town Hall with Chinese Youth,” available at http://www.whitehouse.gov/photos-and-video/video/china-town-hall
[20] F. Max Muller, 1
Thursday, October 1, 2009
转:耶稣年轻时在印度学习过六年佛法——已经拍成电影
來自:http://www.xici.net/b801387/d100063710.htm
圣经中关于耶稣12岁到30岁之间的记录只有一段话:耶稣的智慧和身量,并神和人喜爱他的心,都一齐增长。
(And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favour with God and man.) (新约 -- 路加福音(Luke) -- 2:52). 那么这些年耶稣在哪儿呢,他在干什么呢?为什么圣经不记载呢?
俄国贵族诺托维奇在1894年表示在喜马拉雅山脚下拉达克的赫米斯寺院(法戒寺)里亲自读到两卷西藏经书,记载着耶稣在14岁时因为逃婚而随同商人来到印度地区学习6年,后来又到尼泊尔继续学习佛法6年。
此后至少有七批基督教徒去法戒寺实地考察证实了“耶稣曾到印度西藏学习过六年佛法”。
下面是维基百科中关于 耶稣与佛法的关系记载:
耶稣与佛教 http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E8%80%B6%E7%A8%A3
由于耶稣在12岁至32岁之间的事迹并没有在任何经典中提及,因此引来了后人的猜测。有人指当时的耶稣与家人前往埃及避祸,但以新约全书内有关埃及的记载,似乎难以符合这个说法。有耶稣曾经到印度学佛一说,并拍摄了电影《水徒行纪》。根据这份由新世纪运动者Levi H. Dowling宣称由灵视观看阿卡西记录的《水徒行纪》记载了耶稣在这段真空期间的事情,耶稣经由当时是罗马帝国一部份的小亚细亚,然后路经安息王朝的波斯及刚刚统一的贵霜帝国,然后才抵达印度及西藏等佛教圣地,在那里居住学习佛法约十年,才再经由波斯返抵以色列[27][28]。然而却有错误资讯将此书传为由伯多禄所写并被视为伪经的书。 [29]俄国贵族诺托维奇早在1894年表示在喜马拉雅山脚下拉达克的赫米斯寺院里亲自读到两卷西藏经书,记载着耶稣在14岁时随同商人来到印度地区学习 6年,后来又到尼泊尔继续学习佛法6年[27][30]。另外有一说指出耶稣钉上十字架后没有死去,而且移居印度,后来在克什米尔定居,并在斯利那加去世[27]。科幻小说作者Paul Davids便是采用了这个题材而制作了《耶稣在印度》(Jesus in India)这部电影[31]。现在斯利那加中有一个耶稣的墓穴供各大宗教的信徒敬拜。[32]
到了2007年,又有一位德国的亚洲研究博士生Christian Lindtner出版了一本名为《Geheimnisse um Jesus Christus》的书。在书里,Lindtner比较了希腊文版本的四福音书与巴利文及梵文的佛经内容。他的研究结果是:四福音书其实透过了各种手段,诸如利用了希伯来字母代码(gematria)的数值、双关语及同音字等来把古老的佛经内容重新包装。这个研究结果引起了正反双方的激辩。
实地考察发现“耶稣曾到印度西藏学习佛法”的都是基督教徒,而不是佛教徒。佛教徒冯冯居士记载了这个历史如下。
“冯冯:耶稣基督在印度西藏足迹的追寻 ” http://www.xinfajia.net/content/view/6202.page
1. 1887 年俄国作家兼旅行记者尼古拉斯.诺托维茨来到拉达克邦国的首府列赫(Leh)市郊二十五英里左右的一座佛教寺院,名叫希米斯(Himis),即『法戒寺』, 他费尽周折, 终於看到两厚卷因年久而发黄的按西藏传统的颂诗体写成的经卷, 记载着伊萨(耶稣的异译)在14 岁时, 耶稣十四岁父母为之聘妇,耶稣夜遁,参加商队东行,到达印度师事婆罗门祭司学法六年,后来改学佛法六年。……然后六年间,他来往于王舍城,卡西 (Kasi)等各处佛教圣地,然后,他前往参拜佛陀诞生圣地卡彼拉瓦斯土(Kapilavastu),在彼处,他追随佛教僧人六年之久,学习巴利文及研读佛经。
然后,他遍游尼泊尔与喜玛拉雅山,然后西返,他经过波斯,拜火教之地,( Earathustra)……
他的声名已经遍传遐迩。他返回本国以色列之时,年方二十九岁,他旋即开始向国人弘扬和平博爱之道……
伊萨在以色列被钉十字架殉教之后,大约三四年,乃有巴利文写成之伊萨行状文献问世,乃系根据曾经接触过伊萨之藏人、印人、商旅、及目击伊萨被以色列人钉十字架者……等人之证言写成。
2. 原籍印度的英人史弯米.阿喜达南达(Swami Abhedananda),阿氏于一九二一年七月,从旧金山乘船往印度,一九二二年,年已五十六岁的阿氏,率领一批学者,专程前往西藏法戒寺,探查伊萨传说一案。阿氏文章叙述同行众人均平安到达法戒寺,阿氏询问该寺主持及各主要喇嘛有关俄人诺氏之故事是否属实,阿氏日记这样写:『余从彼等获得答案,诺氏故事全部属实!』 阿氏获准请译员将伊萨经译为英文,列入他著作内一并出版,后来经学者鉴定,大意均相近诺氏一昼所载伊萨的经译文。
3. 俄人,名为尼古拉斯.罗厄烈冶(Nicholas Roerich),罗氏夫妇与一子佐治及六位友人,一共九人,组成探险团,于一九二四年至一九二八年间,遍游西藏、新疆、喀玛昆仑山脉、喜玛拉雅山、阿尔泰山、戈壁沙漠、甘肃、克什米尔、拉达克、潘闸、锡金……等各地,并专程去列城法戒寺查询伊萨经卷,一路考察民俗,做笔记,罗教授将旅游见闻写成很多本书,
罗教授的『亚洲心脏地带』书中说:『在殊零那格(SRINAGAR──注西巴基斯坦接近拉达克边境之城) ,我们就初次听到耶稣基督曾来过该地的传说,稍后,我们发现这种传说多么广泛流传于印度,拉达克邦国,乃至中央亚细亚,都传说耶稣失踪年代就是来了此等地带。』
罗氏说:『伊萨活佛的传说,流行于克什米尔,拉达克,蒙古和新疆,佛教喇嘛很多都知道此一传说,各说大同小异,共同点就是:耶稣的失踪年代就是来了印藏极亚地区。』罗氏在法戒寺黑暗角落找到了『伊萨经卷』,他的长子佐治精通藏文,又有藏僧洛氏同行,因此可以直接从经卷翻译,无需依赖译员,罗氏等发现的伊萨经卷,译文载于罗氏著作『喜玛拉雅』一书内,内容与诺氏著作『耶稣佚史』相近,无甚重大差异。
4.一九三九年夏天,伊萨经卷才又重新引起世界注目。该年,有一对瑞士籍的音乐家夫妇卡斯柏里教授与其夫人来到列城法戒寺,卡夫人对伊萨经卷拍了照片留念,后来带回瑞士。在她八十五岁那年 (一九八四或八五年,未详考)。将照片交给美国一位基督教女作家予以公开发表,引起国际学者注意。
5.一九五一年,美国最高法院大法官之一,威廉.德格勒斯(William Douglas)曾往印度旅行,一访法戒寺,返美后发表『喜玛拉雅山后』(BEYOND THE HIGH HIMALAYAS)一书,其中一段称:
『拉达克省(邦国)的希米士大寺(法戒寺)仍是该地最引人入胜之观光所在,该寺年代久远,甚多传奇,其中之一为传说耶稣十四岁时曾来该地,二十八岁始离去西返祖国,从此断绝音讯,传说耶稣来法戒寺之时,名字为伊萨。』
6. 一九七五年,美国加州大学诺烈治分校人类学教授拉维兹博士(Dr. Roberts.Ravice.UC-North Ridge)往访列城。拉博士到了法戒寺,曾目击伊萨经卷,并得闻口译经文,内容与诺着相同。
7. 一九八四年秋出版的美国加州旅行家兼地理学家,当时已高龄八十九的挪亚克(Edward F. Noack)先生笔记『在亚洲高原的冰雪与游牧民族中间』(Amidst Ice & Nomads In High Asia)亦提及曾于一九七○末年访问列城法戒寺经过,他说当时询问寺僧,一位喇嘛告以确有伊萨经卷锁藏于经楼,该经卷叙述耶稣曾到达拉达克邦国研究佛法。挪克先生是大英皇家地理研究会会员,亦是美国加州科学学会的会员(California Academy Of Science ),素有令誉,他与夫人于一九五八年起至一九八四年之间,曾作十八次探险研究旅行于西藏、尼泊尔、锡金、不丹、拉达克、阿富汗、中国西北等各地与土耳其斯坦,并曾四次访游列城,他的报导笔记,一向翔实可靠。
如果 耶稣 真的学习过佛法,那么说明基督教和佛家的关系还是很密切的,下面这个说法就很有可能了:
[原创]季羡林:佛家的弥勒佛就是基督教的弥赛亚
http://club2.cat898.com/newbbs/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=2&ID=2911805
注:主要证据是法戒寺的伊萨经,记录了耶稣(伊萨活佛)在印度地区学习六年佛法的过程。
圣经中关于耶稣12岁到30岁之间的记录只有一段话:耶稣的智慧和身量,并神和人喜爱他的心,都一齐增长。
(And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favour with God and man.) (新约 -- 路加福音(Luke) -- 2:52). 那么这些年耶稣在哪儿呢,他在干什么呢?为什么圣经不记载呢?
俄国贵族诺托维奇在1894年表示在喜马拉雅山脚下拉达克的赫米斯寺院(法戒寺)里亲自读到两卷西藏经书,记载着耶稣在14岁时因为逃婚而随同商人来到印度地区学习6年,后来又到尼泊尔继续学习佛法6年。
此后至少有七批基督教徒去法戒寺实地考察证实了“耶稣曾到印度西藏学习过六年佛法”。
下面是维基百科中关于 耶稣与佛法的关系记载:
耶稣与佛教 http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E8%80%B6%E7%A8%A3
由于耶稣在12岁至32岁之间的事迹并没有在任何经典中提及,因此引来了后人的猜测。有人指当时的耶稣与家人前往埃及避祸,但以新约全书内有关埃及的记载,似乎难以符合这个说法。有耶稣曾经到印度学佛一说,并拍摄了电影《水徒行纪》。根据这份由新世纪运动者Levi H. Dowling宣称由灵视观看阿卡西记录的《水徒行纪》记载了耶稣在这段真空期间的事情,耶稣经由当时是罗马帝国一部份的小亚细亚,然后路经安息王朝的波斯及刚刚统一的贵霜帝国,然后才抵达印度及西藏等佛教圣地,在那里居住学习佛法约十年,才再经由波斯返抵以色列[27][28]。然而却有错误资讯将此书传为由伯多禄所写并被视为伪经的书。 [29]俄国贵族诺托维奇早在1894年表示在喜马拉雅山脚下拉达克的赫米斯寺院里亲自读到两卷西藏经书,记载着耶稣在14岁时随同商人来到印度地区学习 6年,后来又到尼泊尔继续学习佛法6年[27][30]。另外有一说指出耶稣钉上十字架后没有死去,而且移居印度,后来在克什米尔定居,并在斯利那加去世[27]。科幻小说作者Paul Davids便是采用了这个题材而制作了《耶稣在印度》(Jesus in India)这部电影[31]。现在斯利那加中有一个耶稣的墓穴供各大宗教的信徒敬拜。[32]
到了2007年,又有一位德国的亚洲研究博士生Christian Lindtner出版了一本名为《Geheimnisse um Jesus Christus》的书。在书里,Lindtner比较了希腊文版本的四福音书与巴利文及梵文的佛经内容。他的研究结果是:四福音书其实透过了各种手段,诸如利用了希伯来字母代码(gematria)的数值、双关语及同音字等来把古老的佛经内容重新包装。这个研究结果引起了正反双方的激辩。
实地考察发现“耶稣曾到印度西藏学习佛法”的都是基督教徒,而不是佛教徒。佛教徒冯冯居士记载了这个历史如下。
“冯冯:耶稣基督在印度西藏足迹的追寻 ” http://www.xinfajia.net/content/view/6202.page
1. 1887 年俄国作家兼旅行记者尼古拉斯.诺托维茨来到拉达克邦国的首府列赫(Leh)市郊二十五英里左右的一座佛教寺院,名叫希米斯(Himis),即『法戒寺』, 他费尽周折, 终於看到两厚卷因年久而发黄的按西藏传统的颂诗体写成的经卷, 记载着伊萨(耶稣的异译)在14 岁时, 耶稣十四岁父母为之聘妇,耶稣夜遁,参加商队东行,到达印度师事婆罗门祭司学法六年,后来改学佛法六年。……然后六年间,他来往于王舍城,卡西 (Kasi)等各处佛教圣地,然后,他前往参拜佛陀诞生圣地卡彼拉瓦斯土(Kapilavastu),在彼处,他追随佛教僧人六年之久,学习巴利文及研读佛经。
然后,他遍游尼泊尔与喜玛拉雅山,然后西返,他经过波斯,拜火教之地,( Earathustra)……
他的声名已经遍传遐迩。他返回本国以色列之时,年方二十九岁,他旋即开始向国人弘扬和平博爱之道……
伊萨在以色列被钉十字架殉教之后,大约三四年,乃有巴利文写成之伊萨行状文献问世,乃系根据曾经接触过伊萨之藏人、印人、商旅、及目击伊萨被以色列人钉十字架者……等人之证言写成。
2. 原籍印度的英人史弯米.阿喜达南达(Swami Abhedananda),阿氏于一九二一年七月,从旧金山乘船往印度,一九二二年,年已五十六岁的阿氏,率领一批学者,专程前往西藏法戒寺,探查伊萨传说一案。阿氏文章叙述同行众人均平安到达法戒寺,阿氏询问该寺主持及各主要喇嘛有关俄人诺氏之故事是否属实,阿氏日记这样写:『余从彼等获得答案,诺氏故事全部属实!』 阿氏获准请译员将伊萨经译为英文,列入他著作内一并出版,后来经学者鉴定,大意均相近诺氏一昼所载伊萨的经译文。
3. 俄人,名为尼古拉斯.罗厄烈冶(Nicholas Roerich),罗氏夫妇与一子佐治及六位友人,一共九人,组成探险团,于一九二四年至一九二八年间,遍游西藏、新疆、喀玛昆仑山脉、喜玛拉雅山、阿尔泰山、戈壁沙漠、甘肃、克什米尔、拉达克、潘闸、锡金……等各地,并专程去列城法戒寺查询伊萨经卷,一路考察民俗,做笔记,罗教授将旅游见闻写成很多本书,
罗教授的『亚洲心脏地带』书中说:『在殊零那格(SRINAGAR──注西巴基斯坦接近拉达克边境之城) ,我们就初次听到耶稣基督曾来过该地的传说,稍后,我们发现这种传说多么广泛流传于印度,拉达克邦国,乃至中央亚细亚,都传说耶稣失踪年代就是来了此等地带。』
罗氏说:『伊萨活佛的传说,流行于克什米尔,拉达克,蒙古和新疆,佛教喇嘛很多都知道此一传说,各说大同小异,共同点就是:耶稣的失踪年代就是来了印藏极亚地区。』罗氏在法戒寺黑暗角落找到了『伊萨经卷』,他的长子佐治精通藏文,又有藏僧洛氏同行,因此可以直接从经卷翻译,无需依赖译员,罗氏等发现的伊萨经卷,译文载于罗氏著作『喜玛拉雅』一书内,内容与诺氏著作『耶稣佚史』相近,无甚重大差异。
4.一九三九年夏天,伊萨经卷才又重新引起世界注目。该年,有一对瑞士籍的音乐家夫妇卡斯柏里教授与其夫人来到列城法戒寺,卡夫人对伊萨经卷拍了照片留念,后来带回瑞士。在她八十五岁那年 (一九八四或八五年,未详考)。将照片交给美国一位基督教女作家予以公开发表,引起国际学者注意。
5.一九五一年,美国最高法院大法官之一,威廉.德格勒斯(William Douglas)曾往印度旅行,一访法戒寺,返美后发表『喜玛拉雅山后』(BEYOND THE HIGH HIMALAYAS)一书,其中一段称:
『拉达克省(邦国)的希米士大寺(法戒寺)仍是该地最引人入胜之观光所在,该寺年代久远,甚多传奇,其中之一为传说耶稣十四岁时曾来该地,二十八岁始离去西返祖国,从此断绝音讯,传说耶稣来法戒寺之时,名字为伊萨。』
6. 一九七五年,美国加州大学诺烈治分校人类学教授拉维兹博士(Dr. Roberts.Ravice.UC-North Ridge)往访列城。拉博士到了法戒寺,曾目击伊萨经卷,并得闻口译经文,内容与诺着相同。
7. 一九八四年秋出版的美国加州旅行家兼地理学家,当时已高龄八十九的挪亚克(Edward F. Noack)先生笔记『在亚洲高原的冰雪与游牧民族中间』(Amidst Ice & Nomads In High Asia)亦提及曾于一九七○末年访问列城法戒寺经过,他说当时询问寺僧,一位喇嘛告以确有伊萨经卷锁藏于经楼,该经卷叙述耶稣曾到达拉达克邦国研究佛法。挪克先生是大英皇家地理研究会会员,亦是美国加州科学学会的会员(California Academy Of Science ),素有令誉,他与夫人于一九五八年起至一九八四年之间,曾作十八次探险研究旅行于西藏、尼泊尔、锡金、不丹、拉达克、阿富汗、中国西北等各地与土耳其斯坦,并曾四次访游列城,他的报导笔记,一向翔实可靠。
如果 耶稣 真的学习过佛法,那么说明基督教和佛家的关系还是很密切的,下面这个说法就很有可能了:
[原创]季羡林:佛家的弥勒佛就是基督教的弥赛亚
http://club2.cat898.com/newbbs/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=2&ID=2911805
注:主要证据是法戒寺的伊萨经,记录了耶稣(伊萨活佛)在印度地区学习六年佛法的过程。
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